二、旅游资料的翻译

　　(一) 明确译文的体裁,了解英文同类材料的写作模式旅行指南、城市及旅游活动的对外宣传材料,其篇幅是有限的。译文的读者是那些对中国一无所知或知之甚少的英语国家的客人。要让他们在有限的篇幅内获得尽可能多的信息,译者应该了解英语国家这类材料的写作模式。这里我们不妨看一看美国密歇根州的MACKINAC 岛和ALPENA 市的旅游资料。

　　MACKINAC岛的旅游指南包括不同颜色标识的旅行路线图和沿线的景点介绍。如从设在码头上的Visitor ’s Center 到重要的景点之一FORTMAXKINAC:

　　例1.

　　11FORTMACKINAC , THE VIEW FROM THE TOPWalking , 1P2 to 2 hoursVisitor’s Center to Fort MACKINAC:

　　In 1779 , during the American Revolution ,

　　Lieutenant2Governor Patrick Sinclair commanded Britishfur trading activities and the military garrison at the Straitsof MACKINAC. Afraid that American rebels would attackhis mainland fort at present2day MACKINAC City ,

　　Sinclair saw MACKINAC Island as readily defensible.

　　Standing near the present2day Visitor’s Center , henotedgeographical characteristics which shaped the pattern ofisland use for two centuries.

　　Unlike the shore of Fort Michilimackinac , the Islandhad a deep2water harbor for British warships and , muchlater , for excursion and ferry boats. The flat shoreline wasideal for French and English homes and fur traders’warehouses. Today shops and hotels cluster around thecommercial docks. Most of all Sinclair liked the cliffoverlooking the harbor , which gave a commanding view ofthe Straits. Here he built Fort MACKINAC.

　　Walking up Fort Street to the foot of the Fort rampyou pass the triangular stone monument erected in 1931 bythe Daughters of the American Revolution. It proclaimsthat“MACKINAC is the most place in Michigan. ”On theleft is Trinity Episcopal Church and on the right theMissionary Bark Chapel.

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　　例2.

　　ALPENA 是位于密歇根州西北部,濒临休伦湖的一个小城市。该市幽静、清洁,一年四季皆有美景。它是这样宣传自己的:

　　Long pleasant days of summer draw us out of doorswhere we linger until the last bit of twilight fades. Gentleblue water laps the shore and warm sunshine nudgesswimmers in , while others stroll the sands in search oftreasure or simply lie on the beach and drink in the sun.

　　Canoeists paddle the river , past lush green woods , cattailsand wildlife.

　　??

　　Autumn blazes in with a spectacular farewell tosummer in magnificent shades of red , orange and yellow.

　　The bounty of season calls for celebration. Fromscarecrows and pumpkins to celebrations of pioneer andmaritime history , people find plenty of reasons for revelry.

　　The countryside beckons with old fashioned hospitality andthe fruits of a bountiful harvest .

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　　例3.

　　密歇根州地处五大湖区,近几年来每年都要举办灯塔节。下面是一份灯塔节的广告宣传材料:

　　7th Annual Great Lakeslighthouse FestivalThursday , Friday , Saturday &Sunday2nd weekend in October , Alpena MichiganThursdayTour on your own :

　　Middle Island Boat toursThunder Bay Island Boat tourVisit one of you favorite Great Lakes LighthousesPlan on Attending :

　　Children’s ConcertKickoff EventMemorial to Lost SailorsFridayA Day to tour on your own :

　　You may want to visit some of the following :

　　Jesse Besser MuseumMiddle Island Museum on WheelsSturgeon Point Lighthouse??

　　从以上这3 份材料来看,英文这类旅游资料的写作特点是:对景点的介绍侧重指导性和实用性;对旅游城市的介绍重点在突出特色;而对旅游活动的介绍重点是让活动时间、地点、安排一目了然。从语言风格上看,通篇没有华丽的溢美之辞,用词直白、简练,叙事具体、直截了当。